From the archaeological record to ArchaeoBIM: the case study of the Etruscan temple of Uni in Marzabotto

[EN] The digital reconstruction of the recently discovered Tuscanic temple of Uni in Marzabotto gave the chance to test the application of the Building Information Modeling (BIM) process to the combined fields of Archaeology and Engineering. In addition to the traditional historic and archaeological analysis, a new methodology in Experimental Archaeology is proposed; it proved to be original and innovative in the examination of the buried building, taking advantage of technologies focused on the architectural reliability validated by inferred digital models. The peculiar aspect of the research involves the elements at the beginning of the process, which consist of foundations or negative archaeological evidences only, supported by the clues and the rules that can be found in the historic and scientific literature. To better define this distinctive working process, the expression ArchaeoBIM was proposed, which highlights the common BIM matrix used for the data management through one or more analytical models, applied to the peculiar aspects of the Archaeological discipline.This work was supported by the Italian Ministry of Education, Universities and Research (MIUR) concerning the “Future in Research” program FIR 2013, under Grant RBFR13X8CN. The authors would like to thank Giuseppe Sassatelli and Elisabetta Govi, respectively former and current director of the University of Bologna excavations in Marzabotto, and the Superintendence for Archaeological Heritage of Emilia-Romagna.Garagnani, S.; Gaucci, A.; Gruška, B. (2016). From the archaeological record to ArchaeoBIM: the case study of the Etruscan temple of Uni in Marzabotto. Virtual Archaeology Review. 7(15):77-86. https://doi.org/10.4995/var.2016.5846SWORD7786715Baglione, M.P. (2014). Pyrgi, un santuario nel cuore del Mediterraneo. InF. Gaultier, L. Haumesser, P. Santoro, V. Bellelli, A. Russo Tagliente & R. Cosentino (Eds.)Gli Etruschi e il Mediterraneo. La città di Cerveteri (pp. 204–219). Paris: Somogy Editions d'Art.Baronio, P. (2012). Un architetto per il tempio di Tinaa Marzabotto. Studio dell'antico procedimento geometrico-proporzionale utilizzato nel progetto del tempio urbano della città etrusca di Kainua. Ocnus, 20, 9–32.Böhler, W., & Marbs, A. (2004). 3D scanning and photogrammetry for heritage re-cording: a comparison. In S. Anders Brandt (Ed.), Proceedings of 12th Int. Conf. on Geoinformatics, 7-9 June 2004 (pp. 291–298). Gävle, Sweden.Bonghi Jovino, M. (2012a). Alle origini del processo di strutturazione del tempio etrusco. La presenza del podio. Studi Etruschi, 75, 3–8.Chiesa, F. & Binda, B. (2009). Una possibile ricostruzione dei tetti arcaici. In M. Bonghi Jovino, & F. Chiesa (Eds.), L'Ara della Regina di Tarquinia. Aree sacre. Santuari mediterranei (pp. 65–91). Milano: Cisalpino.Ciaghi, S. (1999). Le terrecotte. In C. Chiaramonte Treré (Ed.), Tarquinia. Scavi sistematici nell'abitato. Campagne 1982-1988. I materiali, 1 (pp. 1–41). Roma: "L'Erma" di Bretschneider.Colonna, G. (Ed.) (1985). Santuari d'Etruria. Milano: Electa.Colonna, G. (1986). Urbanistica e architettura. InG. Pugliese Carratelli (Ed.), Rasenna. Storia e civiltà degli Etruschi (pp. 371–530). Milano: Garzanti Scheiwiller.Colonna, G. (2008). L'officina veiente: Vulca e gli altri maestri di statuaria arcaica in terracotta. In M. Torelli & A.M. Moretti Sgubini (Eds.), Etruschi. Le antiche metropoli del Lazio(pp. 53–63). Milano: Electa.Donati, L. (1994). La casa dell'Impluvium. Architettura etrusca a Roselle. Roma: Giorgio Bretschneider.Eastman, C., Teicholz, P., Sacks, R., & Liston, K. (2008). BIM Handbook. doi:10.1002/9780470261309Fai, S., Duckworth, T., Graham, K., & Wood, N. (2011). Building Information Modelling and the conservation of modern heritage. In The 24rd World Congress of Architecture, Union Internationale des Architectes (UIA), Tokyo, Japan.Garagnani, S. (s. f.). Semantic Representation of Accurate Surveys for the Cultural Heritage. Handbook of Research on Emerging Digital Tools for Architectural Surveying, Modeling, and Representation, 292-310. doi:10.4018/978-1-4666-8379-2.ch009Gastaldi, P. (Ed.) (1998). Studi su Chiusi arcaica. AnnAStAnt, Quad., 5.Gaucci, A. (2016). Nuovi studi sull'isolato Mansuellidi Marzabotto (RegioIV, Insula1). In G.M. Della Fina (Ed.), Dalla capanna al palazzo. Edilizia abitativa nell'Italia preromana (pp. 243–299).Roma: QuasarGaucci, A., Garagnani, S. & Manferdini, A.M. (2015). Reconstructing the lost reality. Archaeological analysisand transmedial technologies for a perspective of virtual reality in the Etruscancity of Kainua. InG. Guidi, J. C. Torres, R. Scopigno & H. Graf (Eds.),Proceedings of the 2nd International Congress on Digital Heritage 2015, vol. 2, 21, 1–8.Giuntoli, S. (1997). 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Bologna: Ante quem.Murphy, M., McGovern, E., & Pavia, S. (2013). Historic Building Information Modelling – Adding intelligence to laser and image based surveys of European classical architecture. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 76, 89-102. doi:10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2012.11.006Nieto, J. E., Moyano, J. J., Rico Delgado, F., & Antón García, D. (2016). Management of built heritage via HBIM Project: A case of study of flooring and tiling. Virtual Archaeology Review, 7(14), 1. doi:10.4995/var.2016.4349Pizzirani, C., & Pozzi, A. (2010). Laterizi e materiali da costruzione. InGovi, E.& Sassatelli, G. (Eds.), Marzabotto. La Casa 1 della RegioIV -Insula2 (pp. 285–313). Bologna: Ante quem.Potts, C.R. (2011). The development and architectural significance of earlyEtrusco-Italic podia. Babesch, 86, 41–52.Quattrini, R., Malinverni, E. S., Clini, P., Nespeca, R., & Orlietti, E. (2015). FROM TLS TO HBIM. HIGH QUALITY SEMANTICALLY-AWARE 3D MODELING OF COMPLEX ARCHITECTURE. 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Automatic reconstruction of as-built building information models from laser-scanned point clouds: A review of related techniques. Automation in Construction, 19(7), 829-843. doi:10.1016/j.autcon.2010.06.00

ARCHAEOBIM: AN INNOVATIVE METHOD FOR ARCHAEOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF AN ETRUSCAN TEMPLE IN MARZABOTTO

[EN] The digital reconstruction of the recently discovered Tuscanic temple of Uni in Marzabotto gave the chance to test the application of the Building Information Modeling (BIM) process to the combined fields of Archaeology and Engineering. In addition to the traditional historic and archaeological analysis, a new methodology in Experimental Archaeology is proposed; it proved to be original and innovative in the examination of the buried building, taking advantage of technologies focused on the architectural reliability validated by inferred digital models.Garagnani, S.; Gaucci, A.; Gruška, B. (2016). ARCHAEOBIM: AN INNOVATIVE METHOD FOR ARCHAEOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF AN ETRUSCAN TEMPLE IN MARZABOTTO. En 8th International congress on archaeology, computer graphics, cultural heritage and innovation. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 314-317. https://doi.org/10.4995/arqueologica8.2015.3539OCS31431

Virtual and augmented reality applications for Cultural Heritage

Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to show the results of a research aimed at investigating the potential of digital technologies in order to provide instruments that allow to share information about the Cultural Heritage, which Museums and Institutions are called to preserve and promote. Our project's aim is finding the most suitable procedure to acquire archaeological artefacts, build their digital replica together with 3D printed prototypes and derive simplified models to be visualized through stereoscopic devices, allowing the simultaneous viewing of real and digital 3D data through an augmented reality environment, portable to mobile devices as well

Building Information Modeling as an Effective Process for the Sustainable Re-Shaping of the Built Environment

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From lifetime to evolution: Timescales of human gut microbiota adaptation

Human beings harbor gut microbial communities that are essential to preserve human health. Molded by the human genome, the gut microbiota (GM) is an adaptive component of the human superorganisms that allows host adaptation at different timescales, optimizing host physiology from daily life to lifespan scales and human evolutionary history. The GM continuously changes from birth up to the most extreme limits of human life, reconfiguring its metagenomic layout in response to daily variations in diet or specific host physiological and immunological needs at different ages. On the other hand, the microbiota plasticity was strategic to face changes in lifestyle and dietary habits along the course of the recent evolutionary history, that has driven the passage from Paleolithic hunter-gathering societies to Neolithic agricultural farmers to modern Westernized societie

Virtual and augmented reality applications for Cultural Heritage

The purpose of this paper is to show the results of a research aimed at investigating the potential of digital technologies in order to provide instruments that allow to share information about the Cultural Heritage, which Museums and Institutions are called to preserve and promote. Our project’s aim is finding the most suitable procedure to acquire archaeological artefacts, build their digital replica together with 3D printed prototypes and derive simplified models to be visualized through stereoscopic devices, allowing the simultaneous viewing of real and digital 3D data through an augmented reality environment, portable to mobile devices as well

Fruizione digitale di reperti archeologici. L’esperienza del museo civico archeologico di Bologna. Digital fruition of archeological finds. The experience at he archeological museum of Bologna.

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